CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The cry for new social order is very loud and persistent today in the global village with the advent of information technology as occasioned by technological scientific brake-through. The question that comes to mind is what this new this new social order? Is it something that is merely to change people, customs or even our various belief systems? Is it merely trying to narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? Or is it just respecting the fundamental rights of every individual? These issues merely scratch the surface; those issues are seriously begging for answers! In any given society this new social order cannot change at upper level unless it first changes from the lower level. Societal cleansing begin with proper child upbringing and moral teaching of each child, each family. Parents are therefore required to come to the rescue.
Granted from the above that the parents are to come to the rescue, then parent cannot occur in space without a male and a female forming a union or otherwise marriage whether formally or informal marriage. Marriage is an essential step towards family formation or creation. In general and in normal conditions, a person cannot have kinsman unless in the context of family membership or descent from a common ancestor or ancestress, as the case may be, or unless such a relationship in socially approved and recognised. Kinship regulations also set restriction on the category of people among whom a person may not marry. Hence, marriage is defined as a socially approved sexual union between two or more individuals that is undertaken in form with some ideas of performance (K. A. Obasan 1999) meanwhile, the relationship is one of four ways: monogamy (one husband, one wife) polygamy (one husband, two or more wives); polyandry (two or more husbands, one wife) and group marriage (two or more husbands: tow or more wives). Generally people tend to associate polygamy with the marriage of one to many women. This according to scholars is strictly not correct. Polygamy has two sub-divisions: polygyny and polyandry as state above, palygyny, according to scholars is a system of marriage in which one man marries more than one wife: polygyny is therefore the correct though rather pedantic term for what is popularly known as polygamy (K. A. Obasan 1999). A polynyous or polygamous marriage is the common indigenous system of marriage in most, if not in all, indigenous African societies Nigeria India and parts of Tibet
From the foregoing the concept of polyandry suggests the topic of this essay. Which attempt to expose and possibly proffer solution(s) to the negative effect which polygamous marriage has on the academic performance of pupils in some selected primary schools in Ewekoro Local Government of Ogun state.
It is incontrovertible that Ewekoro Local Government is the seat and permanent site of Lafarge Cement Plc of Nigeria Nigeria Nigeria
Nuclear family, extended family and compound family, each type of family invariably affects the academic performance of a pupil. The psychologist and the educationist are consciously emphasising “that” there are clear evidence to the fact that students’ achievement in schools are partly affected by their family background. It is a general assumption that the type of family in which a child belongs to or evolve from have effects on pupils academic performance and that pupil from nuclear family in most cases perform better than pupils from polygamous family. Although not all cases, perhaps a child from a polygamous home have who is brilliant could perform better than a child from nuclear family.
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The effect of polygamous on pupil academic performance has attracted the attention of scholars and authorities. This is because the behaviour of the child in school or outside is a reflection of his or her home where he comes from.
In Nigeria today, there are many problems on academic performance of pupils in schools because there is no effective teaching in schools and also the parental background or home in which a child comes from have great or adverse impact on the pupils and this is due to the fact that the academic performance has not been tailored and mastered properly from the beginning.
1.2 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This project work is of great importance in that, it will reveal the extent at which polygamy has affected the pupil academic performance. Also, it will reveal other factors affecting the academic performance of pupils. Furthermore, this study will help the parents and the school authority to generate affection, love and provide security and acceptance to the pupil which in turn helps the society. This study will also help an individual on the kind of the family they should involve themselves in. And to the educationist, education curriculum will be structured to help the children from such home.
More so, serving as a project that would be discovered that polygamy affect the academic performance of pupil.
1.3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
In carrying out a research work of this nature, constraints are very likely observed. These constraints include transportation problem, the cooperation of the school authority might not be willingly available, the pupils might not respond to the questionnaires and where they do some of them might not want the research work to be conducted in their school.
Also, pupils might not want to release their sincere answer due to their state of mind.
Time factor is another problem; time allocated for the researcher will influence the writing because the researcher will need more time for random visit.
More so, financial constraint is another limiting factor; it is hoped that finding from the given district can be used to generalize situation in the society at large.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
i. Does the income of parents affects the academic performance of pupil?
ii. Does the number of wives in a home affect the academic performances of a pupil?
iii. Does polygamous homes affect the pupils academic performances in schools?
iv. Does the parental care, affection and availability of funds affects the academic performance of pupils?
v. Does the provision of the essential needs by the parents affects the academic performances of pupils?
vi. Does the atmosphere in a polygamous home affect pupils academic performance.
1.5 HYPOTHESIS
Based on the identified problems of the study. The following null hypothesis will be tested.
Ho1: There is no significant relationship between pupil background and their academic performances in school.
Ho2: There is no significant relationship between the number of wives in the home and pupil academic performance.
1.6 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
In undertaken this research work the range of the study among others include the effects of polygamous marriage on the academic performances of pupils in primary school.
It will also focus on whether pupils from monogamous homes fared better academically.
If the above is true according to the research it will then proffered recommend that for better performances of pupils monogamous marriages should be encouraged. Its coverage is within Ewekoro Local Government only and not any other local government in Ogun state.
The scope of the problem will dwell within the limits of determining the extent to which marriages and offspring’s of the various marriages fared academically. It will also look into other factors, which may mare or make pupils academically.
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
POLYGAMY: The custom of having more than one wife at the same time. The circumstance, facts or event that influence, cause or explain something. A persons social class, family status, level of education e.t.c.
FAMILY: A group consisting of one or two parents and their children. A group of people that are related by blood.
ACADEMICS: Connected with education, especially studying in schools and universities.
INCOME: Money received over certain period especially as payment for work as interest on investment. Money received from work, business.
PERFORMANCE: An action or achievement, considered in relation to how successful it is. The ability to operate, capable of high effectiveness.
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 INTRODUCTION
Many scholars, psychologists, sociologists, anthropologists e.t.c. have contributed to the effect of polygamy on academic performance of pupils.
Therefore, this work or project shall deal with the meaning of marriage, types of marriage, mode of marriage and importance of marriage. Marriage is not easy to define because of the diversities in the system of marriage throughout the world. It is such that although marriage is known to have some common qualities, it varies from one cultural group to another yet, we all know that marriage is about; it is part of our daily lives. Through marriage new rights, roles and new social relationships are formed not only between the kinsmen of the spouses. Among the many aspects of marriage, the number and kinds of women or men involved in marriage is post-marital residence, headship authority, duration and stability of marriage.
TYPES OF MARRIAGE
I. Monogamy: There are rules in all countries which govern how many persons men or women may marry at any time. For example, in Britain and America
II. Polygamy: This is a more complex form of marriage, found in Africa and Asia . Generally, people tend to associate polygamy with the marriage of one man to many women. This is not strictly correct. Polygamy has two sub-divisions: polygyny and polyandry.
A. Polygyny: Is a system of marriage in which one man marries more than one wife. Polygyny is therefore the correct though rather pedantic term for what is popularly known as polygamy. A polygamous marriage is the common most indigenous form of marriage in most if not all indigenous African societies.
B. Polyandry: is a form of marriage in which a woman is married to several men. It is more restricted than polygyny in its geographical distribution. It is found mostly in India and parts of Tibet
Other forms of marriage are:
C. Levirate (Sulopo): This occurs when a man marries the widow of his dead brother. This implies that the relationship created through the original marriage remains. The children of the deceased remain as part of the family.
D. Widow Inheritance: This is different from levirate under widow inheritance a male kinsmen such as the deceased’s son or close relative married his dead brother’s or father’s widow and becomes her legal husband.
E. Ghost marriage: Under the system of ghost marriage the younger brother of a dead bachelor is expected to marry and have children in the deceased’s name. This system of marriage is practice in many parts of Africa e.g. among the Nuer.
F. Sorogate: Under this system of marriage a man marries the sister of his dead wife indeed in some societies the parents of the dead wife take it as obligation to provide the widower another wife.
MODES OF CONTRACTING MARRIAGE
People contract marriage in various ways. The commonest ways of contracting and celebrating marriages includes the followings: muslim marriage, church marriage, court or statutory marriage and indigenous forms of marriage.
These require different rule and procedures but they include the three main prerequisites discussed. However, they carry different emphasis. For example church and statutory marriage are associated with monogamy which is practiced in particular cultures in the Euro-American societies whereas Muslim and indigenous African marriage are polygyny bound.
IMPORTANCE OF MARRIAGE
Marriage is means by which men’s and women’s lust and sexual competition and interests are regulated in a society, marriage confers right on a man over the economic and domestic services of a woman in African and Asian societies. This is less in Europe and America Nigeria
Sociologist have dealt with the function serve by the family; in modern industrial society. While anthropologist have contrasted the role of the family in various culture that differs widely in complexity and in their goals for socialization.
Despite the vast differences in child rearing practice from one culture to another family serves some principal functions; which include:
I. Development of child character morally and intellectually. (Fafunwa 19-74)
II. Accepting responsibility of meeting the psychological and emotional welfare of the child.
III. Accepting the responsibility of providing for the essential needs of the child.
IV. Developing the child sense of belonging and active participation in family and community affairs. (Fafunwa 19-74)
V. Facilitating the child acquisition of specific vocational skills and development of a healthy attitude towards honest labour.
VI. Helping the child to understand, appreciate and promote the cultural heritage of his people. (Fafunwa 19-74)
Parents are most socialized agent available to a child at he very early stage of his development. Since the child depends on the parents for all needs it has been suggested (Nwezeh 19-88) that parents affects their children’s performance, aspiration, expectation and maturity. Monogamous marriage which comprises of the father, mother and children otherwise known as nuclear family which is gaining more ground among the Christians today. Parents in this type of marriage structure have interest in their child education and they are interested in the number of child they can carter for. Most time 2,3,4 children are common with monogamous family. Because of the comprehensive care the children need to perform academically, which shows that their parents efforts has yielded a positive result in their life.
The reverse is the case in polygamous homes with more number of children which they need to cater for. Parents tend to impose things or career on the child e.g. choosing a life career. All in the name of gaining the fathers attention or favour since, there is much competition among the wives and the children at polygamous homes. Parents in polygamous homes mostly father don’t plan for their children life they neither have time nor know their ability. West (19-73) agreed that polygamous homes have contributed to the number of bad children in the society.
It is evident that polygamy leads to many children from different mother from different background which create gap between children and their children unlike monogamous setting when close is maintained between parents and their children. Walton (19-80) equally draw attention to the association of poverty with large family size since the parent’s income is a bit low to the size of the family is coping with. Therefore, mother in such home has a lot to do to supplement the maintenance of such family. Caring for the children which is left for the mother fate may later result into prostitution, stealing, drug addiction, street hoodlums e.t.c. thereby, becoming menace to the society.
Oladipo (19-93) in his research stated that home environment is related to school progress. He noted that the abnormal home relationship such as separation or divorce, presence of step mother(s) parental discord and economic factors that affects the academic performance of pupils.
2.1 CAUSES OF POLYGAMY
Men or father tends to marry more than one wife due to the following reasons:
i. Men tend to go after more women in search of male children due to the believe that male children are more important to the father.
ii. Another reason for marrying more than one wife is to meet the sexual need of both partners, if the wife is the type that usually deprive her husband of sex or having sexual intercourse with her.
iii. Parental or maternal influence on the husband to get more wife due to their taste or believe of getting more children because some may die along the line. Without the man’s knowledge a woman will be brought from the village to live under the same roof with the man then she eventually became a wife and start bearing children
iv. The man may not be satisfied with the attitude or the behaviour of the woman towards the children, neighbours or the extended family. She may be the troublesome or quarrelsome type; or may not be able to prepare good meal or keep the home clean and in good shape, not taking good care of the children and the entire household. The husband may be frustrated and go for another woman.
v. Cultural and religious belief is another factor that contributes to polygamous marriage. Some religion especially Islam expects man to have more than one wife if he can equally meet their needs. Culturally one with many wives is seen as chief a wealthy man to have wives more than one wife is a source of pride to an African man.
vi. Peer group is another factor that lead a man into polygamous family if such man or husband belong to a group or cacuse that are make use of marrying many wives as a high status or competition in the society.
2.2 PARENTS EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
It is generally believed that polygamy is majorly practised by the illiterates i.e. non-educated persons or one who is ignorant about a particular field but, recently the educated and the illiterate persons have found themselves in the same shoes.
The level of education of parent has a far reaching effects on the academic performance of the children. In a situation whereby they may not know the relevance of sending their children to school. Because their popular word of encouragement is that those that goes to school what do they do with it. They may send them to school up to the primary and some to secondary level and stop there asking or advising to go and learn a trade or vocational work or go ahead with schooling if he/she can sponsor it. Home background can contribute to make or mar a child academic performance at school. This can also be related to family characteristic and as the size of the family in Nigeria
2.3 EFFECTS OF POLYGAMY
The situation in polygamous home will not only have effects on the child’s totality but also affect the mother and the entire household.
Few of the effects among other are:
i. Mothers tend to be the burden shaver who will later shoulder the responsibility of sending her children to school because she will not like her children to lack behind other children’s wife.
ii. This will further increase the hatred between parents or father and children.
iii. Quarrelling and fighting will be a routine chores in the polygamous home since there is lack of love and unity.
iv. Such atmosphere cannot be conducive for many child, less attention will be paid to the child and thereby, affecting the child psychologically.
v. Father or husband in a polygamous home that intend for the survival of the children will die poor in his struggle to sustain the home.
2.4 PARENTAL ENCOURAGEMENT
Parental encouragement was very necessary is academic performance of pupil.
Morrish (19-82) In most polygamous home the size of the families is usually large and every child may not be may not be adequately taken care of in terms of quality food, shelter, school materials, clothing e.t.c. The absence of these basic needs in the life of a child makes learning very difficult for him. Some children may be out of school for days, weeks or even months for not possessing school materials like books.
Salami (2007) opines that monogamous family size are always eager to see their children progressing in their education, they do everything possible to encourage them to learn, they lavish money on them anytime they do well in their examination to motivate and encourage them. Some even send their children on holidays abroad during vacation. All these tend to make their children more serious in their studies because, they are such of what the contrast, children of polygamous home don’t have anyone to encourage them. After school many of them are sent to hawk what their parents sell or taken to shop to do their parents work. The polygamous parents may not care to know about the progress of their children.
Atere Akin (19-97) believes that monogamous family, is very common for their children to itch to lake after their choice of occupation. Many children who are from homes where parents are Doctor, Engineers, Lawyers e.t.c. will want to study the courses of their parents. This is not the case with the children from polygamous homes, not many of them go in for those courses mentioned above this is partly due to high cost of training involved. Except in few cases, where such children could endure or if he is sponsored.
2.5 THE SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT
The school environment is another factor that influences the performance of pupils academically. The teacher must therefore possess the ability to encourage and stimulate the pupil. Especially the ones from a polygamous home usually known to be more quiet and looking sad, due to the psychological reflection of the his/her home on such a child.
The understanding of the developmental process of children is quite relevant to a teacher. Greta (1978) claimed that developmental psychology help us to understand the process that underlie the growth and changes that we see taking place in the child, the young person and even in the adult. The teachers’ knowledge of psychology promotes more conducive freedom climate, better groups dynamics and allows for better freedom and interaction between the learners rather than the structured regimentalised classroom environment. This is because the teacher will know the relevance of free classroom atmosphere to effective learning.
Faw (1980) noted that developmental psychology is more than a descriptive study of how children looks, act, think, feel and talk. It is the study of various processes by which each human being develops.
The school as a social factor influence learning by training the child to be self dependant in thought and actions, exposing pupil to various vocational skills to earn a living, transmission of his cultural values and heritage for the continuity and survival of his society.
Akinade (1982) says if the web of interpersonal relationship is cordial and rich everyone especially the learners stand to benefit and enjoy school. Teachers now become not only custodian or repository of knowledge but also motivators, organizers, facilitators, team leaders or resource persons. These changes have resultant effect on the academic performance of pupils.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
3.0 INTRODUCTION
This chapter contains the research design, population, sample and sampling, instrumentation, administration and mode of data analysis that were used for this study.
3.1 RESEARCH DESIGN
This study was a descriptive research design which gives a systematic description on the influence of polygamous marriage on teachers effectiveness by employing the use of questionnaire with a view of obtaining adequate information.
3.2 POPULATION OF STUDY
The population of this study consisted of five primary school in Ewekoro Local Government Area of Ogun state. From the population, five schools to take part in the study, the teachers constituted the sample. The five primary schools were randomly selected from the existing primary schools in Ewekoro Local Government Education Authority. The selected schools are:
1. All Saints Ang. Pry. School, Itori.
2. St. Simeon’s Ang. Pry. School, Wasinmi.
3. African Church
4. A.U.D Pry. School Onigbedu.
5. A.C. Sch Pry School
3.3 SAMPLE AND SAMPLING TECHNIQUES
Twenty-five (25) teachers were randomly selected for the study. Ten (10) each from the five selected schools.
3.4 INSTRUMENT FOR DATA COLLECTION
Questionnaire was the major instrument to be used for data collection. The questionnaire consists of section A and B.
Section A is personal data, while section B consist of ( ) items based on the research questions and hypothesis and it is based on scale of strongly agree, agree, strongly disagree, disagree. Abbreviation as (SA, A, SD, D).
3.5 VALIDATION OF DATA COLLECTION
The appropriate validation of the instrument was carried out by researcher’s colleague and specialist in the field.
3.6 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION
The research gave out questionnaire to teachers in five selected schools in Ewekoro Local Government Area of Ogun state to respond to it. The researcher administered the questionnaire to the teachers personally and they are collected immediately after filling in their responses.
3.7 METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS
Simple percentage analysis will be used to analyse the data collected through questionnaire.
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION OF RESULT AND DISCUSSION
4.0 INTRODUCTION
This chapter deals with the interpretation of data analysis on the effect of polygamous on academic performance of the pupil. The test for the hypothesis postulated in chapter one was also carried out.
The information collected in this heading were divided into two (2) different table and preceded by the hypothesis. In this research work, twenty-five (25) questionnaires were collected in return and the simple percentage was used for its analysis.
4.1 PRESENTATION OF RESULT
The result of questionnaire administered in the selected primary schools.
Hypothesis one
“There is no significant relationship between pupil background and their academic performances in school”.
Table One
S/N | STATEMENT | SA | A | SD | D | TOTAL |
1. | Does the income of parent affect the academic performance of pupils? | 15 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 25 |
2. | Does the number of wives in a home affect the academic performance of pupil? | 9 | 13 | - | 3 | 25 |
3. | Children from rural areas perform poorly academically? | 6 | 5 | 2 | 12 | 25 |
4. | Children from polygamous home that attend private schools perform better than their counterparts in public schools? | 4 | 7 | 5 | 9 | 25 |
5. | Does polygamous home affects the pupil’s academic performance in schools? | 5 | 13 | 4 | 3 | 25 |
6. | The presence of T.V sets affects the academic performance of pupil positively? | 4 | 17 | 2 | 2 | 25 |
7. | Does the atmosphere in a polygamous home affect pupil academic performance? | 9 | 11 | - | 5 | 25 |
TOTAL | 7.4% | 10.5% | 2% | 5.1% | 25 |
Hypothesis Two
“ There is no significant relationship between the number of wives in the home and pupil academic performance”.
Table Two
S/N | STATEMENT | SA | A | SD | D | TOTAL |
8. | The availability of cell phones in homes improves the writing of pupils. | - | 5 | 9 | 11 | 25 |
9. | Does the parental care, affection and availability of funds affects the academic performance of pupils? | 13 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 25 |
10. | Children whose parents have access to good standard of living perform better academically. | 11 | 9 | - | 5 | 25 |
11. | Child from polygamous home perform better academically than their counterparts from monogamous homes | 1 | 2 | 16 | 6 | 25 |
12. | Does the provision of essential needs by the parents motivate pupil academic performance? | 12 | 11 | 1 | 1 | 25 |
TOTAL | 7.4% | 7% | 5.8% | 4.8% | 25 |
4.2 DISCUSSION OF RESULTS
The findings in the table one, shows that 7.4% strongly agreed that there is no significant relationship between pupils background and their academic performances in school, while 10.5% agreed, 2% strongly disagreed and 5.1% disagreed. It could be inferred that the first hypothesis was accepted and is correct as a large number of respondents agreed with the statement.
From the analysed data in the above data in table two, 7.4% of the respondents strongly agreed that there is no significant relationship between the number of wives in the home and pupil academic performances, while 7% agreed, 5.8% strongly disagreed and 4.8% disagreed with the assertion. It show that the hypothesis is correct as a higher percentage of respondents strongly agreed and agreed with the hypothesis.
CHAPTER FIVE
DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.0 INTRODUTION
The chapter discusses the investigation carried out in the previous chapter and it contains recommendations based on the findings.
The discussion is in the following stages: types of family structure and performance, parent-child relationship and performance, while recommendations are for teachers, pupil/students, parent and policy makers.
5.1 SUMMARY
In the last chapter, it was discovered that:
1. There are some problem posed at the schools and do they cope with children from polygamous homes.
2. There is significant difference between the performance of students from polygamous homes compared with the children from monogamous home in Ewekoro Local Government Area of Ogun state.
PARENT-CHILD RELATIONSHIP AND PERFORMANCE OF STUDENT
Ashley etal (1977) said that a child is born, knowing of ways of his society but having the potential to learn them. He claimed that it is the function or duty of the parents to maintain good relationship with their children; to be able to improve them with psychological needs and security. Lack or absent of which result into low self esteem or lack of self realization.
Children from monogamous homes usually have food relationship with their parents and this will definitely have a positive effect on their academic performance. Children from this type of family spend more time with their parent. Parent take keen interest in their children’s welfare especially their academics and assist them when necessary.
In polygamous home parents show less degree of interest and participation in their children education. Since they are always busy trying to make ends meet left for the mother who shoulder the responsibility and becomes more busy trying to supplement the meagre money her husband left for the home up keep. At the long run the children will be left uncared for and not be able to share their feelings with their parents due to the parents lackadaisical attitude and business.
Researcher founds out that less opportune students perform well in their academics this possibly explain findings that shows a significant difference in the performance of student from monogamous home and that of polygamous home.
5.2 CONCLUSION
From the respondents to the questionnaire it can be inferred that most pupil hailed from polygamous home and tends to perform poorly. Our finding is in line with this belief because our results indicate that there is significant differences in the academic performance of pupils from a polygamous home.
The research indicates that factors like home background, parental interest, attitude and income of parents have a tremendous on children be it positively or negatively.
The result of the analysed data shows that pupils from polygamous home could perform as high even than pupil from monogamous home if given some opportunity, supports and resources.
5.3 RECOMMENDATIONS
The following recommendation are of the findings and the discussions above. They are under the following heading; teachers, pupils, parents and the school management.
TEACHERS
1. Teacher should be aware of the fact that pupils are from different psychological climate or background and therefore should be treated accordingly, by giving individual pupil necessary attention that aid mental development which will also enhance good performance of pupil in the school.
2. Teacher should encourage pupil to do extra study by giving them home works or tutorial questions.
3. Teacher should invite parents to discuss the academic performance of their children in the school and at home.
4. Teacher should be observant, approachable and skilfully interact with their pupil by so doing build confidence in their pupil which will equally proffer solutions to their academic performance.
5. Teacher should be able to understand the peculiarity and personality variation in the learners. For example, there are variations in height, weight, sizes, emotion and intellect. The teacher will know how to cater for the variations.
PUPILS
1. Irrespective of the home they hail from pupils should aim at achieving his/her desired goals in their academic endeavour.
2. They should not be weighed down by their home circumstances by not allowing such situation to affect their academic performances.
3. Pupil should make friends with their colleague in class i.e. the brilliant ones and be more studious.
4. Pupil should be focus and consistences to his/her academic career, irrespective of his/her family background.
5. Pupil from polygamous home need to seek for guardians and counselling, where their psychological needs can be met.
PARENTS
1. Parent should maintain good relationship with their children in other to provide them with security and essential needs.
2. Parents should be encouraged to develop keen interest in their children’s education.
3. Parents should visit their children’s school to know their performance academically.
4. Parents should attend meeting called by the school authority e.g. Parents, Teachers, Association (P.T.A) which will serve as a forum for discussing their children’s academic development, also through this forum much more ways of meeting their children’s need are discussed.
5. Parents should provide necessary learning materials e.g. textbooks, computer, extra home and coaching e.t.c. for their children.
6. Parents should be observant, available and be supportive in meeting the needs of their children giving them the courage of informing them about their body development i.e. sex education and creating a recreation avenue for them. Through this forum the children will be able to open up to their parents about their emotional feelings, academic challenges e.t.c.
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT
1. The school authority should employ well trained and qualified counsellors.
2. Curriculum should be reviewed regularly so as to consider other necessary things in the contemporary society. More so, the curriculum should effectively used towards meeting the goal it is set for.
3. The school authority should make sure that the school environment is conducive and well equipped e.g. providing current textbooks in the library, well equipped laboratory e.t.c.
4. Guardians and counselling centre should be provided by the school authority for the betterment of the pupils.
5.4 SUGGESTION FOR FURTHER STUDIES
This study essentially focused on effects of polygamous marriage in academic performance of pupils in primary school. It is believed that further study can be make on the effects of polygamous marriage on the academic performance in secondary schools. Although, this is related to this study, it is however beyond its scope.
REFERENCE
M. O. Shoremi et’al edition (1999) The Science of Society: A Sociological Introduction.
A.B. Fafunwa, (1979) History of education in Nigeria London
Adetoro S.A.
Olatunji, W. and Akeusola B.N. (2002), Issues and problems of National development.
Encyclopaedia Americana ; 1988 Geoliar Incorporation U.S.A.
Olatunji Wale: (1990) Social Studies basis for national reconstruction. University press (Nig) Plc Ibadan.
Orukotan A.T. and Oladipo A.S. fundamentals of pre-primary and primary education (1992) page 5, 12, 92.
Adebayo Komolafe: (2004) functional approach to Adolescent psychology page 13-18, 15-30.
Avonseh O. (1983) The influence of sociological and psychological factors on the Academic performance of secondary school beginners. Journal of Education leadership Vol.1, page 12-17.
Salami (2001), Sociology of Education Olu Akin publishers.
Atere Akin (1997) Introduction to Sociology of Education; Ibadan
Falodun (2002) Family and behavioural Correlates of dependence on male children.
O. Otite, B.A. (Nigeria ), Phd. (London
W. Ogionowo, MSc. (lund ), Phd. (Leeds ).
An Introduction To sociological studies.
IJEBU ODE, OGUN STATE
QUESTIONNAIRE
Dear Respondents,
This questionnaire is aimed at obtaining information on the influence of polygamous marriage on academic performance of the pupils in primary school. Your full co-operation is needed in responding to this questionnaire, as your response will be strictly confidential.
Section A
1. Name:……………………………………………………………………………….
2. 
Age bracket: 25 25-29 30-39 40-49
Age bracket: 25 25-29 30-39 40-49 3. 
Marital Status: Single Married Divorced
Marital Status: Single Married Divorced 4. Education Qualification: Grade II NCE B.A./BSc./M.A./MSc./MED
PHD Others specify5. Class taught:………………………………………………………………………….
6. Subject(s)taught:……………………………………………………………………..
Section B
Instruction: Tick ( ) as appropriate Key: SA- Strongly Agreed
A- Agreed
D- Disagreed
S/N | STATEMENT | SA | A | SD | D |
1. | Does the income of parents affect the academic performance of pupil? | ||||
2. | Does the number of wives in a home affect the academic performance of a pupil? | ||||
3. | Children from rural areas perform poorly academically. | ||||
4. | Children from polygamous homes that attend private schools perform better than their counterparts in public schools. | ||||
5. | Does polygamous homes affect the pupil academic performances in schools? | ||||
6. | The presence of T.V. sets affects the academic performance of student positively. | ||||
7. | Does the atmosphere in polygamous home affect pupil academic performance? | ||||
8. | Does the availability of cell phones in homes improves the writing of pupils. | ||||
9. | Does the parental care, affection and availability of funds affects the academic performances of pupils? | ||||
10. | Children whose parents have access to good standard of living perform better academically. | ||||
11. | Children from polygamous homes perform better academically than their counterparts from monogamous homes. | ||||
12. | Does the provision of the essential needs by the parents motivate pupil academic performance? |
All Saint Ang. Pry. School, Itori.
St. Simeon’s Ang. Pry. School, Wasimi.
A.U.D Pry. School Onigbedu.
A.C. Pry. School Isofin.
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